Effect of histaminase treatment on histamine and anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs

In guinea pigs, the intravenous injection of histaminase 15 minutes before the intraabdominal injection of 4 mgm. of histamine prevented in most instances the symptoms of histamineshock. Of 10 control animals, all showed marked symptoms within 5 to 7 minutes and 7 animals died shortly after. Of the 20 animals pretreated with histaminase, 6 showed slight symptoms after 15 minutes, which disappeared in a few minutes in all but 2 animais that died 55 minutes after the injection of the histamine. 2. Histaminase given intravenously 15 minutes before the administration of egg-white intruabdominally to previously sensitized guinea pigs prevented an anaphylactic shock completely in 15 out of 20 animals. The other 5 guinea, pigs showed only very slight symptoms beginning 20 minutes after the injection of egg-white and lasting for a few minutes. Of the 10 control animals all showed severe anaphylactic shock developing within 5 to 10 minutes and 4 animals died 10 to 14 minutes after the injection of the egg-white

The effect of four-phasic versus three-phasic contrast media injection protocols on extravasation rate in coronary CT angiography: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: Contrast media (CM) extravasation is a well-known complication of CT angiography (CTA). Our prospective randomized control study aimed to assess whether a four-phasic CM administration protocol reduces the risk of extravasation compared to the routinely used three-phasic protocol in coronary CTA. METHODS: Patients referred to coronary CTA due to suspected coronary artery disease were included in the study. All patients received 400 mg/ml iomeprol CM injected with dual-syringe automated injector. Patients were randomized into a three-phasic injection-protocol group, with a CM bolus of 85 ml followed by 40 ml of 75%:25% saline/CM mixture and 30 ml saline chaser bolus; and a four-phasic injection-protocol group, with a saline pacer bolus of 10 ml injected at a lower flow rate before the three-phasic protocol. RESULTS: 2,445 consecutive patients were enrolled (mean age 60.6 +/- 12.1 years; females 43.6%). Overall rate of extravasation was 0.9% (23/2,445): 1.4% (17/1,229) in the three-phasic group and 0.5% (6/1,216) in the four-phasic group (p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: Four-phasic CM administration protocol is easy to implement in the clinical routine at no extra cost. The extravasation rate is reduced by 65% with the application of the four-phasic protocol compared to the three-phasic protocol in coronary CTA. KEY POINTS: * Four-phasic CM injection-protocol reduces extravasation rate by 65% compared to three-phasic. * The saline pacer bolus substantially reduces the risk of CM extravasation. * The implementation of four-phasic injection-protocol is at no cost

Sex-specific associations between alcohol consumption, cardiac morphology, and function as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: insights form the UK Biobank Population Study

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging following peer review. The version of record: Judit Simon, Kenneth Fung, Márton Kolossváry, Mihir M Sanghvi, Nay Aung, Jose Miguel Paiva, Elena Lukaschuk, Valentina Carapella, Béla Merkely, Marcio S Bittencourt, Júlia Karády, Aaron M Lee, Stefan K Piechnik, Stefan Neubauer, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Steffen E Petersen, Sex-specific associations between alcohol consumption, cardiac morphology, and function as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: insights form the UK Biobank Population Study, European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, jeaa242, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa242 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa24